Odontologists--remember we need basic, foundational research in all areas of our discipline. Are our procedures scientifically valid and reliable?
Critically examine everything we've been taught. Question the scientific basis of every standard, guideline, best practice, or principle followed.
Keep in mind the quote often attributed to W. Edwards Deming: "Without data you are just another person with an opinion." I would add, if you use incorrect data, you may commit forensic malpractice, and, always remember: "First, do no harm."
We insist on evidence-based treatment in health care, why not in forensics?
Merely saying "we're following the science" without verifying that the "science" being followed is actually true is the same thing religions and cults do.
The following is a selected bibliography of dental age estimation/assessment/prediction/guess papers. This is a list I have been casually compiling for quite some time. I do not claim that it is exhaustive, by any means, these are just arbitrarily collected papers I've found interesting and helpful
New directions in dental anthropology: Paradigms, methodologies and outcomes. (2012). (G. Townsend, E. Kanazawa, & H. Takayama, Eds.). University of Adelaide Press. https://doi.org/https:www.jstor.org/stable/10.20851/j.ctt1t3059p
A companion to dental anthropology. (2016). (J. D. Irish & G. R. Scott, Eds.). John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118845486
Demirjians utviklingsstadier på visdomstenner for estimering av kronologisk alder (Demirjian’s development stages on wisdom teeth for estimation of chronological age: A systematic review.).(2017). N. I. o. P. Health.
Human age assessment by dental analysis. (2020). (American Dental Association Technical Report, Issue ADA1077‐2020). https://ebusiness.ada.org/productcatalog/88600/InformaticsADA‐Technical‐Report‐No‐1077‐Human‐Age‐Assessment‐by‐Dental‐/ADA1077‐2020
Abu Asab, S., Noor, S. N. F. M., & Khamis, M. F. (2011). The accuracy of Demirjian method in dental age estimation of Malay children. Singapore Dental Journal, 32(1), 19‐27. https://doi.org/https:doi.org/10.1016/S0377‐5291(12)70012‐3
Ali, A. M. M., Ahmed, W. H., & Khattab, N. M. (2019). Applicability of Demirjian’s method for dental age estimation in a group of Egyptian children. British Dental Journal Open, 5(2), 01‐06. https:doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1038/s41405‐019‐0015‐y
AlQahtani, S. J., Hector, M. P., & Liversidge, H. M. (2014). Accuracy of dental age estimation charts: Schour and Massler, Ubelaker, and the London Atlas. Am J Phys Anthro, 154, 70‐78. https:doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.22473
al‐Qattan, S. I., & Elfawal, M. A. (2010). Significance of teeth lead accumulation in age estimation. Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine, 17(2010), 325‐328. https://doi.org/doi:10.1016j.jflm.2010.05.001
Altinay, R. E. (2009). "This child, whose bone age is fourteen . . .": Ethical dimensions of skeletal age assessment. International Journal of Feminist Approaches to Bioethics, 2(1), 165‐173. https:www.jstor.org/stable/40339203
Anderson, D. L., Thompson, G. W., & Popovich, F. (1975). Age of attainment of mineralization stages ofthe permanent dentition. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 191‐200. https:pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1249551/
Anderson, D. L., Thompson, G. W., & Popovich, F. (1975). Interrelationships of dental maturity, skeletal maturity, height and weight, from age 4 to 14 years. Growth, 39, 453‐462. https:pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/173623/
Arumugam, V., & Doggalli, N. (2020). Different dental aging charts or atlas methods used for age estimation–A review. Asian Journal of Basic Science & Research, 2(3), 64‐74. https://doi.org10.38177/AJBSR.2020.2306
Babshet, M., Acharya, A. B., & Naikmasur, V. G. (2011). Age estimation from pulp/tooth area ratio (PTR) in an Indian sample: A preliminary comparison of three mandibular teeth used alone and in combination. Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine, 18(2011), 350‐354. https://doi.org/http:dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2011.07.003
Balaraj, B. M., & Nithin, M. D. (2010). Determination of adolescent ages 14‐16 years by radiological study of permanent mandibular second molars. Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine,17(2010), 329‐332. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2010.05.003
Bang, G., & Ramm, E. (1969). Determination of age in humans from root dentin transparency. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 3‐35. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3109/00016357009033130
Barsley, R. E., Bernstein, M. L., Brumit, P. C., Dorion, R. B. J., Golden, G. S., Lewis, J. M., McDowell, J. D.,Metcalf, R. D., Senn, D. R., Sweet, D., & Weems, R. A. (2018). Epidermis and enamel: Insights into gnawing criticisms of human bitemark evidence. American Journal of Forensic Medicine andPathology, 39(2), 87‐97. https://doi.org/10.1097/PAF.0000000000000392
Barsley, R. E., David, T. J., & Metcalf, R. D. (2013). Legal aspects of forensic odontology. In D. R. Senn &R. Weems (Eds.), American Society of Forensic Odontology Manual of Forensic Odontology (5thed.). CRC Press.
Benjamin, H. (1947). Biologic versus chronologic age. Journal of Gerontology, 2(3), 217‐227. https:doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/2.3.217
Bérgamo, A. L., de Queiroz, C. L., Sakamoto, H. E., & Alves da Silva, R. H. (2016). Dental age estimation methods in forensic dentistry: Literature review. Forensic Science Today, 2(1), 04‐09. https:doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.17352/pjfst.000005
Birchler, F. A., Kiliaridis, S., Combescure, C., & Vazquez, L. (2016). Dental age assessment on panoramicradiographs in a Swiss population: a validation study of two prediction models. Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, 45(1). https://doi.org/10.1259/dmfr.20150137
Blake, R. (1801). An essay on the structure and formation of the teeth in man and various animals. William Porter. https://www.google.com/books/editionAn_Essay_on_the_Structure_and_FormationhvY‐AAAAcAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=An+essay+on+the+structure+and+formation+of+the+teeth+in+man+and+various+animals&printsec=frontcover
Blenkin, M. (2009). Forensic odontology and age estimation: an introduction to concepts and methods.VDM Verlag Dr Muller Aktiengesellschaft & Co KG.
Blenkin, M., & Taylor, J. (2012). Age estimation charts for a modern Australian population. ForensicScience International, 221, 106‐112. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016j.forsciint.2012.04.013
Boonpitaksathit, T., Hunt, N., Roberts, G. J., Petrie, A., & Lucas, V. S. (2011). Dental age assessment of adolescents and emerging adults in United Kingdom Caucasians using censored data for stage H of third molar roots. European Journal of Orthodontics, 33(2011), 503‐508. https://doi.org10.1093/ejo/cjq101
Bosmans, N., Piers, A., Aly, M., & Willems, G. (2005). The application of Kvaal’s dental age calculation technique on panoramic dental radiographs. Forensic Science International, 153(2005), 208-12.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.08.017
Bowdler, H. C., & Morant, G. M. (1936). A preliminary study of the eruption of the mandibular thirdmolar tooth in man based on measurements obtained from radiographs, with special reference to the problem of predicting cases of ultimate impaction of the tooth. Biometrika, 28(3/4),378‐427. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2307/2333956
Bowen, W. H., & Koch, G. (1970). Determination of age in monkeys (Maca irus) on the basis of dental development. Laboratory Animals, 4, 113‐123. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1258002367770781036481
Brady, W. J. (1924). A chart of the average time of development, eruption and absorption of the teeth. W. J. Brady. https://www.google.com/books/editionchart_of_the_average_time_of_developmentuLkhAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=A+chart+of+the+average+time+of+development,+eruption+and+absorption
Braga, J., Heuze, Y., Chabadel, O., Sonan, N. K., & Gueramy, A. (2005). Non‐adult dental age assessment: correspondence analysis and linear regression versus Bayesian predictions. International Journal of Legal Medicine, 119(2005), 260‐274. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414‐004‐0494‐8
Bulmer, M. G. (1967). Principles of statistics. Oliver & Boyd.
Burrell, C. L., Davenport, C. A. L., Carpenter, R. J., & Ohman, J. C. (2018). Biological age estimation of non‐adult human skeletal remains: Comparison of dental development with the humerus, femur and pars basilaris. In M. Holst & M. Alexander (Eds.), Trends in Biological Anthropology.(Vol. 2). Oxbow Books. https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctvh1dmwc.14
Butti, A. C., Clivio, A., Ferraroni, M., Spada, E., Testa, A., & Salvato, A. (2009). Häävikko’s method to assess dental age in Italian children. European Journal of Orthodontics, 31(2), 150‐155. https:doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjn081
Cameriere, R., de Angelis, D., Ferrante, L., Scarpino, F., & Cingolani, M. (2007). Age estimation in children by measurement of open apices in teeth: a European formula. International Journal ofLegal Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414‐007‐0179‐1
Cameriere, R., de Luca, S., Alemán, I., Ferrante, L., & Cingolani, M. (2012). Age estimation by pulp/tooth ratio in lower premolars by orthopantomography. Forensic Science International, 214(2012),105‐112. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.07.028
Canton, A. (1851). The teeth and their preservation, in infancy and manhood, to old age. Hippolyte Bailliere. https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Teeth_and_Their_Preservation_in_Infaw2xHAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=The+teeth+and+their+preservation,+in+infancy+and+manhood,+to+old+age&pg=PR13‐IA2&printsec=frontcover
Cardoso, H. F. V. (2007). Accuracy of developing tooth length as an estimate of age in human skeletal remains: The deciduous dentition. Forensic Science International, 172, 17‐22. https://doi.orghttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.11.006
Cardoso, H. F. V., Cladas, I. M., & Andrade, M. (2016). Dental and skeletal maturation as simultaneous and separate predictors of chronological age in post‐pubertal individuals: a preliminary study in assessing the probability of having attained 16 years of age in the living. Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences, 50(4), 371‐384. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.108000450618.2016.1237548
Carmichael, R. D., & Smith, E. R. (1931). Mathematical tables and formulas. Ginn and Company.
Cattell, P. (1928). The eruption and growth of the permanent teeth. Journal of Dental Research, 8(2),279‐287. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177%2F00220345280080021001
Cattell, P. (1928). The eruption and growth of the permanent teeth. Journal of Dental Research, 8(2),279‐287. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177%2F00220345280080021001
Chaillet, N., & Demirjian, A. (2004). Dental maturity in South France: A comparison between Demirjian's method and polynomial functions. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 49(5), 1‐8. https:pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15461110/
Chaillet, N., Nyström, M., & Demirjian, A. (2005). Comparison of dental maturity in children of different ethnic origins: International maturity curves for clinicians. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 50(5),1164‐1174. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16225225/
Chaillet, N., Willems, G., & Demirjian, A. (2004). Dental maturity in Belgian children using Demirjian's method and polynomial functions: new standard curves for forensic and clinical use. Journal of Forensic Odonto‐Stomatology, 22(2), 18‐27. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16223016/
Chatterjee, S. (2011). Comparative analysis of sclerotic dentinal changes in attrited and carious teeth around pulp chamber for age determination. Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine, 18(2011),177‐179. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2011.02.008
Chaudhary, R. K., & Doggalli, N. (2018). Commonly used different dental age estimation methods in children and adolescents. Int J Forensic Odontol, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.4103/ijfo.ijfo_18_18
Chen, H., Zhang, K., Lyu, P., Li, H., Zhang, L., Wu, J., & Lee, C.‐H. (2019). A deep learning approach to automatic teeth detection and numbering based on object detection in dental periapical films. Scientific Reports, 9, 01‐11. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598‐019‐40414‐y
Chen, H., Zhang, K., Lyu, P., Li, H., Zhang, L., Wu, J., & Lee, C.‐H. (2019). A deep learning approach to automatic teeth detection and numbering based on object detection in dental periapical films. Scientific Reports, 9, 01‐11. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598‐019‐40414‐y
Chudasama, P. N., Roberts, G. J., & Lucas, V. S. (2012). Dental age assessment (DAA): A study of a Caucasian population at the 13 year threshold. Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine,19(2012), 22‐28. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2011.09.008
Corral, C., García, F., García, J., León, P., Herrera, A., Martínez, C., & Moreno, F. (2010). Chronological versus dental age in subjects from 5 to 19 years: a comparative study with forensic implications.Colombia Medica, 41(3), 215‐223. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/61141
Cramér, H. (1946). Mathematical methods of statistics. Princeton University Press.
Crow, E. L., Davis, F. A., & Maxfield, M. W. (1960). Statistics manual. U.S. Naval Ordnance Test Station.(NAVORD Report 3369‐NOTS 948)
Cruz‐Landeira, A., Linares‐Argote, J., Martínez‐Rodríguez, M., Rodríguez‐Calvo, M. S., Otero, X. L., &Concheiro, L. (2009). Dental age estimation in Spanish and Venezuelan children. Comparison of Demirjian and Chaillet’s scores. International Journal of Legal Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1007s00414‐009‐0380‐5
Curran, J. M. (2013). Is forensic science the last bastion of resistance against statistics? Science and Justice, 53, 251‐252. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scijus.2013.07.001
Dalitz, G. D. (1962). Age determination of adult human remains by teeth examination. Journal ‐ ForensicScience Society, 3(1), 11‐21. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S0015‐7368(62)70094‐0
de Back, W., Seurig, S., Wagner, S., Marré, B., Roeder, I., & Scherf, N. (2019). Forensic age estimation with Bayesian convolutional neural networks based on panoramic dental X‐ray imaging. Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, 1‐4. https://doi.org/https://openreview.netpdf?id=SkesoBY49E
de Cássia Silva Azevedo, A., Alves, N. Z., Michel‐Crosato, E., Rocha, M., Cameriere, R., & Biazevic, M. G.H. (2014). Dental age estimation in a Brazilian adult population using Cameriere’s method. Braz Oral Res, 29(1), 1‐9. https://doi.org/10.1590/1807‐3107BOR‐2015.vol29.0016
Deming, W. E. (1938). Statistical adjustment of data. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Deming, W. E. (1950). Some theory of sampling. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Demirjian, A., Buschang, P. H., Tanguay, R., & Patterson, D. K. (1985). Interrelationships among measures of somatic, skeletal, dental, and sexual maturity. American Journal of Orthodontics,88(5), 433‐. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/0002‐9416(85)90070‐3
Demirjian, A., & Goldstein, H. (1976). New systems for dental maturity based on seven and four teeth.Annals of Human Biology, 3(5), 411‐421. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.108003014467600001671
Demirjian, A., Goldstein, H., & Tanner, J. M. (1973). A new system of dental age assessment. Human Biology, 45(2), 211‐227. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4714564/
Demirjian, A., Goldstein, H., & Tanner, J. M. (1973). A new system of dental age assessment. Human Biology, 45(2), 211‐227. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4714564/
Demirjian, A., & Levesque, G.‐Y. (1980). Sexual differences in dental development and prediction of emergence. Journal of Dental Research, 59(7), 1110‐1122. https://doi.org/10.117700220345800590070301
Demisch, A., & Wartman, P. (1956). Calcification of the mandibular third molar and its relation to skeletal and chronological age in children. Child Development, 27(4), 459‐473. https://doi.orghttps://doi.org/10.2307/1125899
Devos, N., Willems, G., & Wood, R. (2009). Objective human tooth colour measurement as a means of determining chronologic age in‐vivo and ex‐vivo. Journal of Forensic Odonto‐Stomatology, 27(2),2‐8. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22785092/
Diamond, M. (1944). The patterns of growth and development of the human teeth and jaws. Journal of Dental Research, 23(4), 273‐303. https://doi.org/https://doi.org10.1177%2F00220345440230040601
Diamond, M. (1944). The patterns of growth and development of the human teeth and jaws. Journal of Dental Research, 23(4), 273‐303. https://doi.org/https://doi.org10.1177%2F00220345440230040601
Dias, P. E. M., Beaini, T. L., & Melani, R. F. H. (2010). Age estimation from dental cementum incremental lines and periodontal disease. Journal of Forensic Odonto‐Stomatology, 28(1), 13‐21. https:pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21239858/
Doğru, H. B., Gulsahi, A., Çehreli, S. B., Galić, I., van der Stelt, P., & Cameriere, R. (2018). Age of majorityassessment in Dutch individuals based on Cameriere’s third molar maturity index. Forensic Science International, 282(2018), 231.e231‐231.e236. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016j.forsciint.2017.11.009
Doğru, H. B., Gulsahi, A., Çehreli, S. B., Galić, I., van der Stelt, P., & Cameriere, R. (2018). Age of majorityassessment in Dutch individuals based on Cameriere’s third molar maturity index. Forensic Science International, 282(2018), 231.e231‐231.e236. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016j.forsciint.2017.11.009
Ebrahim, E., Rao, P. K., Chatra, L., Shenai, P., Veena, K., Prabhu, R. V., Shahin, K., Kushraj, T., Shetty, P., &Hameed, S. (2014). Dental age estimation using Schour and Massler method in South Indian children. Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences, 2(5C), 1669‐1674. https:www.researchgate.net/publication340515292_Dental_Age_Estimation_Using_Schour_and_Massler_Method_in_South_Indian_Children
el‐Bakary, A. A., Hammad, S. M., & Mohammed, F. (2010). Dental age estimation in Egyptian children, comparison between two methods. Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine, 17(2010), 363‐3367.https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2010.05.008
Esan, T. A., Yengopal, V., & Schepartz, L. A. (2017). The Demirjian versus the Willems method for dental age estimation in different populations: A meta‐analysis of published studies. PloS One, 12(11),01‐23. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0186682
Fanning, E. A. (1960). A longitudinal study of tooth formation and root resorption from birth to preadolescence (Thesis, Doctor of Dental Surgery) University of Otago]. http://hdl.handle.net10523/8575
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Feijóo, G., Barbería, E., de Nova, J., & Prieto, J. L. (2012). Permanent teeth development in a Spanish sample: Application to dental age estimation. Forensic Science International, 214(2012),213.e211‐213.e216. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.08.024
Ferrante, L., Skrami, E., Gesuita, R., & Cameriere, R. (2015). Bayesian calibration for forensic age estimation. Statistics in Medicine, 34(10), 1779‐1790. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1002sim.6448
Flood, S. J., Franklin, D., Turlach, B. A., & McGeachie, J. (2013). A comparison of Demirjian’s four dental development methods for forensic age estimation in South Australian sub‐adults. Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine, 20, 875‐883. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016j.jflm.2013.07.002
Flood, S. J., Franklin, D., Turlach, B. A., & McGeachie, J. (2013). A comparison of Demirjian’s four dental development methods for forensic age estimation in South Australian sub‐adults. Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine, 20, 875‐883. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016j.jflm.2013.07.002
Focardi, M., Pinchi, V., Luca, F. B., & Norelli, G.‐A. (2014). Age estimation for forensic purposes in Italy: Ethical issues. International Journal of Legal Medicine, 128, 515‐552. https://doi.org/10.1007s00414‐014‐0986‐0
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Franklin, D., Flavel, A., Noble, J., Swift, L., & Karkhanis, S. (2015). Forensic age estimation in living individuals: methodological considerations in the context of medico‐legal practice. Research and Reports in Forensic Medical Science, 5, 53‐66. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.2147RRFMS.S75140
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Galić, I., Lauc, T., Brkić, H., Vodanović, M., Galić, E., Biazevic, M. G. H., Brakus, I., Badrov, J., & Cameriere,R. (2015). Cameriere’s third molar maturity index in assessing age of majority. Forensic Science International, 252, 191.e191‐191.e195. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016j.forsciint.2015.04.030
Galić, I., Pacifici, A., Carbone, D., Pacifici, L., Jerončić, A., & Cameriere, R. (2017). Age estimation by the Cameriere’s normalized measurements (CNM) of the single permanent mandibular tooth on a panoramic radiograph. Legal Medicine, 26, 65‐72. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016j.legalmed.2017.03.007
Galić, I., Pacifici, A., Carbone, D., Pacifici, L., Jerončić, A., & Cameriere, R. (2017). Age estimation by the Cameriere’s normalized measurements (CNM) of the single permanent mandibular tooth on a panoramic radiograph. Legal Medicine, 26, 65‐72. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016j.legalmed.2017.03.007
Galić, I., Vodanović, M., Janković, S., Mihanović, F., Nakaš, E., Prohić, S., Galić, E., & Brkić, H. (2012).Dental age estimation on Bosnian‐Herzegovinian children aged 6‐14 years: Evaluation of Chaillet’s international maturity standards. Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine, 20(1), 40‐45.https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2012.04.037
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Grøn, A.‐M. (1962). Prediction of tooth emergence. Journal of Dental Research, 41(3), 573‐585. https:doi.org/10.1177/00220345620410030801
Grover, S., Marya, C. M., Avinash, J., & Pruthi, N. (2012). Estimation of dental age and its comparisonwith chronological age: accuracy of two radiographic methods. Medicine, Science and the Law,52, 32‐35. https://doi.org/10.1258/msl.2011.011021
Grover, S., Marya, C. M., Avinash, J., & Pruthi, N. (2012). Estimation of dental age and its comparisonwith chronological age: accuracy of two radiographic methods. Medicine, Science and the Law,52, 32‐35. https://doi.org/10.1258/msl.2011.011021
Gunst, K., Mesotten, K., Carbonez, A., & Willems, G. (2003). Third molar root development in relation to chronological age: a large sample sized retrospective study. Forensic Science International,136(2003), 52‐57. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0379‐0738(03)00263‐9
Gustafson, G. (1950). Age determinations on teeth. Journal of the American Dental Association, 41(1),45‐54. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.14219/jada.archive.1950.0132
Haavikko, K. (1970). The formation and the alveolar and clinical eruption of the permanent teeth: An orthopantomographic study. Suomen Hammaslaakariseuran Tiomituksia, 66(3), 103‐170. https:pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4917152/
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Please don't be a jerk and just copy or use this list without proper attribution--it took a whole lot of work to compile.
There are crypto tokens scattered about in the above list as well as a few intentional, non-material errors that could be used for tracking purposes, just so ya' know.
Roger D Metcalf DDS, JD
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Neither the Tarrant County Medical Examiner's District, Tarrant County, the American Board of Forensic Odontolgy, the American Society of Forensic Odontology, the Royal College of Physicians, Oklahoma State University, nor any other organizaion mentioned here necessarily supports or endorses any information on this website. Any opinions, errors, or omissions are my responsibility, and mine alone. This site DOES NOT REPRESENT the official views of any of these--or any other-- organizations. Similarly, those other organizations may not fully represent my views, either.